Slackness and more slackness Essay Example for Free

Slackness and more slackness Essay Weave Marleys One Love is proclaimed as the tune of the twentieth century. Jamaicans are joyous about this. We gloat of the effect of such tunes as Redemption Song in empowering the counter politically-sanctioned racial segregation development in South Africa. Millions over the world relate to the message in Bob Marleys tunes. We concur that music has colossal force and impact. Isnt this clear in how Jamaica has become known overall due to Bob Marleys music? How is it then that similar voices that recognize the incredible impact of Marleys music currently look to preclude the impact from claiming dancehall artistes, for example, Vybz Kartels verses on the psyches and ensuing conduct of the individuals who hear them out? Dancehall has moved from the space that reggae involves, in its advancement of social and political cognizance, to the height and progression of slackness. This influences our childhood in a negative style. Dancehall isn't only the music, yet it is a culture which effects dress, style and non-verbal communication; it impacts mentality. Dancehall dress leaves little of the womens bodies to the creative mind. It is this mentality that is presently influencing such a significant number of our youngsters in school. They are following the dancehall culture of badmanism, cutie young ladies, nuff young ladies, nuff skin and body parts uncovered, nuff slackness, open wining and granulating, bling and more bling, and everything else that the way of life advances. Guardians ALSO MORE DULGING There are guardians who are enjoying this dancehall way of life and who, consequently, can't control their kids to lead good, self-restrained lives. The kids and the guardians are currently both enjoying the dancehall slackness. We see the impact of this in our schools. We see it when little youngsters are taken to Passa and grown-ups have a great time watching them wining and pounding their lacking hips in impersonation of their slackness. Before these youngsters can start to realize what guiltlessness is, they have lost it. Their guiltlessness has been prematurely ended. This presentation to unbridled slackness since the beginning has guaranteed that we produce an age whose profound quality has been twisted from the earliest starting point. They will currently accept that this leeway and free conduct is the standard. Ladies AS SEX OBJECTS We add slackness to slackness when the tunes played on the sound frameworks and the pictures depicted in the music recordings all advance ladies as sex machines. These ladies speak to themselves simply as objects of sex as is clarified by how they dress and by the sex-reproducing gyrations they enjoy, which are named moving, with bottoms bobbing and going round like gigs and pelvic pushes underlining their genital regions. With such a consistent eating regimen being taken care of to the faculties of the youthful, by what method can their cognizance create in a blameless, untainted way? Add to these upgrades, the pictures of upstanding Jamaicans wining and pounding on the streets during fair; ladies sandwiched by men from behind and previously; ladies and men of every kind imaginable, some absolutely obscure to one another, wearing the barest of covers, enjoying unreasonable sexual lead in the city with the media advancing and covering it, with crowds of police (counting high-position ing cops) directing the train. What are we saying to our young? We are stating that slackness is worthy, that sexual conduct is anything but a private issue; that sex can be rehearsed openly with societys endorsement. Why, at that point, would we say we are stunned when our schoolchildren show this equivalent kind of conduct in the city, at the transportation centers, on the transports, on the school grounds? For what reason would we say we are stunned when they need their sex demonstrations to be video-taped and distributed? Kids live what they realize. They have essentially made a stride further what they have been instructed by the large individuals, the grown-ups, around them. We are essentially procuring what we have planted. This is the thing that some youthful youngsters state about the effect of dancehall on their conduct: It makes me break out of my little shell. I am a blameless young lady and dancehall music breaks that boundary. It causes you to feel all gangsterish and cool. Also, the music shows you how to dress. The verses are compelling. They instruct you to walk roun, smoke weed and buss weapon. Numerous individuals, youngsters specifically, admire a portion of the artistes who include these verses in their tunes and they really do a portion of these things since they feel that if their preferred artiste is doing it and they are hip and respected, at that point why not do it as well. Consequently, dancehall music is powerful, not exclusively to me, however to the more extensive society. I have quit tuning in to dancehall music now and that is acceptable in light of the fact that it had such a negative effect on me. At a certain point, I wound up acting in the way that the melodies depict a hot young lady ought to be.

Burglary: Criminal Law and Effective Entry

Thievery is an offense under Section 9 of the Thefts Act, which is in 2 separate parts. The principal sub segment is s9(1)(a) which states â€Å" an individual is blameworthy of thievery in the event that he enters any structure or part of a structure as a trespasser with the plan to take, exact terrible substantial mischief, or harm the structure or anything in it. † The subsequent part is s9(1)(b) which says â€Å"a individual is liable of thievery if having entered a structure or part of a structure as a trespasser, he takes or endeavors to take anything in the structure or incurs or endeavors to cause deplorable substantial damage on any individual in the building†.The contrast between the two subsections is the expectation at the hour of passage. For instance s9 (1)(a) the litigant must have the expectation to take, cause GBH or do unlawful harm at the hour of passage. For s9 (1)(b) what the litigant plans to do is unessential the indictment must demonstrate that t he respondent submitted or endeavored to submit Theft or GBH. So as of now there are a few disarrays with whether the litigant would be blameworthy of Burglary under s9(1)(a) or s9(1)(b). Section isn't characterized in the Theft Act, however there have been a few cases that help us on what the word â€Å"Entry† really means.The first case on Entry was the situation of Collins 1972. For this situation the respondent had smashed liquor and chosen he needed to have intercourse. He saw a window that was open and ascended a stepping stool so he could examine. He saw there was a stripped young lady inside sleeping on her bed. So he went down the stepping stool removed his garments and moved back up it to the young ladies room. She woke up and thought it was her beau and helped him into the room where they had full intercourse. Collins was sentenced on s9(1)(a) as he entered with aim to rape.Before 2004 in the event that somebody was entering a structure with the expectation of assa ult it would be remembered for this segment, yet now it is under the Sexual Offenses Act. Collins spoke to his conviction as he said that he wasn’t a trespasser when he entered the structure as the young lady welcomed him in. The Court of Appeal subdued his conviction as there was no proof that he was a trespasser and this is what is should have been blameworthy of s9(1)(a) and obviously Burglary. Earthy colored was additionally another case that explained what was viewed as section. The litigant was remaining outside yet inclining in through a shop window scavenging through the goods.His feet and lower body was outside the shop. The Court of Appeal concluded that he had successfully entered the structure and along these lines his conviction was maintained. Anyway on account of Ryan the requirement for compelling section was not followed. For his situation the respondent the got caught in the window he was attempting to move through into a house at 2. 30 am. His head and righ t arm was stuck inside the house and the remainder of his body was outside. This could hardly be believed to be a powerful section. How ever the Court of Appeal maintained his conviction as they said the jury could find that the respondent had entered.So what really qualifies as a powerful passage is found in these cases. They have explained by cases like Brown that you will in any case be blameworthy of theft regardless of whether your entire body isn’t inside the genuine structure. Additionally by cases like the Collins case in the event that you have been welcomed in by anyone, at that point you can't be liable of thievery as you’re not a trespasser. The Theft Act does anyway give a depiction of what is considered as a structure or part of a structure. Every single occupied spot are considered as structures so that would incorporate houseboats or bands, are considered as structures/dwellings.To be a considered as a structure the structure must have some level of per petual quality. The primary issue for the courts, have happened where a structure, for example, a portacabin for instance has been utilized for capacity or office work. Moveable structures like this can be viewed as structures despite the fact that their utilization specifically puts is just brief. Area 9 (4) manages what is viewed as a structure and it likewise says â€Å"buildings incorporate occupied vehicles or vessels†. Two cases that explained what was considered as a structure was the cases B and S v Leathley.In this case a 25 foot long cooler compartment had been kept in a barnyard for more than two years. It was utilized as a storeroom. It laid on sleepers, had entryways with locks and was associated with the power gracefully. This was viewed as a structure since it had some level of changelessness as it was there for a long time. On account of Norfolk Constabulary v Seeking and Gould, a lorry trailer with wheels which had been utilized for longer than a year for cap acity, had steps giving access and was associated with power flexibly, was held not be a building.The certainty that it had wheels implied that it stayed a vehicle. The courts have attempted to explain what a structure is nevertheless it is still exceptionally indistinct as certain parts of what the courts take a gander at are still extremely troublesome, for example, to what extent the structure is there for. â€Å"Part of building† is utilized to cover circumstances in which the litigant may have consent to be in one piece of the structure and is in this manner not a trespasser, yet doesn’t have authorization to be in another piece of the structure. A case of this is the situation of Walkington.In this case the litigant went into a counter territory in a shop and opened a till. This zone was obviously set apart by a three-sided counter. The respondent was indicted for robbery under segment 9(1)(a) as he was a trespasser when he went behind the counter. The basic poin t for this situation was that the counter zone was not a territory where clients were allowed to go. Much the same as storerooms in shops clients are permitted to be in the shop yet not the storeroom. I believe that the courts have explained this very well as a result of the models that have utilized particularly the instance of Walkington.And the case of individuals not being permitted in storerooms however they are permitted in the shop. Additionally understudies are permitted in many places in school yet they wouldn’t be permitted to walk around their head teacher’s office. All together for the respondent to submit theft they should enter as a trespasser. On the off chance that they have consent to enter, at that point that makes them not a trespasser as we have found in the Collins case that I have clarified above in the main passage. The first utilization of the word trespasser in law originates from the common law.It was expected that the significance of trespass er would be equivalent to in common law that â€Å"trespass is passage without the assent of the legitimate occupier of the building†. The instance of Collins clarified that there was progressively necessitated that simply the passage. They expected to demonstrate that the respondent entered realizing he was a trespasser or was wild concerning whether he was entering the reason of another without authorization. Going past consent is the place the litigant is offered authorization to entre however then goes past that consent and afterward is viewed as a trespasser.This is clarified on account of the Smith and Jones. For this situation Smith and his companion went to Smiths fathers house in the night and took two TV set’s without the father’s consent. The dad expressed that his child would not be a trespasser in the house; he had a general consent to entre. They were sentenced for robbery as they had gone past their authorization to be there. This is like the inst ance of Barker v R, where one individual was leaving and requested that the neighbor watch the house and revealed to them where the key was. The respondent utilized the way to entre and steal.He was seen as liable of thievery. There are numerous circumstances where an individual has authorization to entre for a constrained reason. For instance when individuals go to a show they are just permitted there for a specific measure of time. The offense of Burglary has been given a definition by Parliament, however it has been left to the courts to explain all the key focuses. All the zones have been clarified however some have been explained more than others and as a result a few territories are still hard to comprehend for instance what is a structure or part of a structure, and going past consent.

Estimating Realistic Startup Costs

Estimating Realistic Startup Costs Have you ever had an interesting idea and thought that it might be turned into a successful business?Well, you probably have, as has almost everybody.Where are those businesses and why there are not more successful businessmen and businesswomen in the world?The thing is, very few of those initial ideas go from a fleeting thought into an actual realization, and even less become successful in the long run (statistics say that, due to various reasons, around 50 % of startup businesses fail during the first year of existing).The reason behind why people are not more prone to taking action and bringing life to their ideas is the fact that embarking in business could seem like a long shot- a risky, possibly irresponsible undertaking that can leave you with nothing, or at least, with less than you have initially had.So, finances are the main reason why so many good ideas have never seen the light of the day, and it is really easy to see why.Even if you talk to the successful businessmen and ask them about their beginnings and how they tackled finances they will remember the time as stressful, full of difficult decisions, anxiety, and anticipation.The benefits and reaping the success came later. Much later.So, if you have decided that your idea is worth turning into a business, and if you are ready to take on the responsibility, angst, and excitement of trying to create a name for you in the business world read on.WHERE TO STARTOkay, so you have an idea, but is that enough?Unfortunately, it is not.For the idea to be turned into a business it has to be either innovative so there is no competition on the market, or it has to be in high demand or offer a better service than other businesses in the same area.To know that, you need to do market research of the field that you are interested in.This will give you a sense of what is out there and you can feel less anxious or scared to delve into the investment.If you are not going in blind you know where you are putting your m oney, and if you can take that risk.The next thing you should do is make a business plan.Answer the questions like what you consider needs to be achieved in order to consider yourself successful, where you want to be in five years’ time, how you want to get there, and so on.Set up milestones like In one year my store should earn this much. or In five years the company should be international.When you set up those goals, you come to the most important part and that is: How do you get where you want to be?This is where finances come into the picture- your actual plan of allocating resources and earning money.Pay attention that your plan is not something that you follow blindly.The plan should just be an outline, something to help you shape your idea into action.On the way, you will probably have to diverge from the plan, as you will notice that you had a wrong perception of how thing work or you might realize that you need more time to reach that milestone, or it is harder than you thought.This is where you should persevere.Blindly sticking to the plan may be one of the causes that high percentage of startup failures. WHAT ARE YOUR NEEDS?So, we are finally ready to start talking about money.How much money will you need to get your business up and running?It is important to know that this depends on the type of business itself: the startup costs for, lets say, an online shop will not be nearly as big as those for a restaurant.Now, lets imagine that you are a first-time businessman and you have no idea how much money you need to open a restaurant.How much are the furnaces and the stoves, the furniture? What about chefs paycheck?The first thing you should do to get closer to calculating your costs is to, once again, do the market research. This time focus on finding the public financial statements of similar businesses, talk with people in the industry, and get advice.Which brings us to the next thing and that is having a person in your team who knows what they a re doing. Do you know the actual realistic costs of the things you need? If not, seek advice from a mentor.It can be your cofounder, an accountant, a friend or a family member just as long as that person has experience in owning a business and preferably a successful one and is willing to mentor you.If you do this alone, chances are you are going to miss something in the learning process, and that can make a difference in terms of success or failure.Take out as much guessing as possible from the process (this is impossible for innovative ideas in which case you only have to guess as there are no previous data to draw from).A crucial thing is to think six months to a year ahead when you are calculating how much money you will need.A year is optimally a timeframe where you can see if your business is on a growth path, so make sure you do not experience a financial setback during that time.To avoid that you will have to learn how to preserve cash. How do you do that?Start with the esse ntials.This means that you get everything that you need rather than what you want.To get your restaurant up and running you would need a stove and a fridge, but will you need a pasta roller right away if you are not planning on making your own pasta for a couple more years? No.And just like that, you saved yourself a couple of hundred dollars.If you eliminate other non-essential items using the same thinking pattern, you will lower your cost by a sum that makes a difference.Negotiate terms from vendors or get a lease on the items you need rather than buying them. It will lower your initial cost requirements.Another smart thing to do is getting several bids (at least 2 or 3) for the same item you need. Pick the most affordable option but pay attention not to disregard the quality.Your costs are divided into two groups based on how many times you would need to pay for them. The first group is fixed costs, and the second group is the recurrent costs.The fixed costs include:Furniture an d supplies (computers, microwave, phones, AC, and more) you only get this once, or at least, you are not expected to redecorate or purchase computers very oftenBranding this is something you do before you set up a place, and if you do it right; you do it just this once.Logo Create a logo yourself or pay a designer to do that for you, chances are, once your mind is fixed on the idea, it will not change. This expense entails setting up a banner or a screen with the logo on a suitable place.Advertising material posters, flyers, business cards, pens and more. If you order enough in the beginning, you will not have to refill the stock later on.Permits and licenses for a lot of industries you need to get a legal license to do the desired work. Cross it off your list, and do not worry about it anymore.Legal fees there is a certain amount of money that you need to pay to be able to run a business. The amount differs from state to state so visit your local courthouse and get the requir ed information.There are other items that can be taken into account depending on the type of business, so this list is not a definite one.The recurrent costs are those that you will need to cover annually, monthly or weekly and they are:Rent if you need to take up a specific space. This is redundant for home-based or online businesses.Electricity, phone bills, internet connectionSupplies such as paper, pens, staplers, pins, and so on.Advertising pay for ads on local radio or TV stations, newspaper and more (Less than 10% of your budget).Inventory or raw material If, for example, you are selling hats, you need to invest in and refill the stock of hats available in order not to run out. If that happens it creates a bad image of the company. Get raw materials if you are for example specializing in selling hand-made lamps- get enough of everything that you need to make the desired number (up to 25% of your budget).Payroll This entails that you would need to set aside the money that needs to be allocated to issuing paychecks to all the employees. Set aside enough money to get your own paycheck. (Allocate somewhere from 25% to 50% of your budget.)FeesInsuranceLease paymentsTo get a better picture of what you need, make a list and put down anything that comes to mind, even if it is the smallest thing that you consider irrelevant.Just put everything down.Once you have made your list add up the costs, then try to go back and lower them by 25% if you can (and even more).When starting up a new business, novice entrepreneurs are well aware of those fixed costs and it rarely happens that there is an oversight in that area.They come about early in the process so they cannot be missed. At least not easily.The oversight often happens with the estimate of how much money is needed for the recurring costs. The money needed for the day-to-day functioning of a company is called operating or working capital.Why do you need it? Lets put it simply and with the help of an example. If you are a farmer and want to grow tomatoes enough to sell them and never purchase them yourself again, you will need pesticides, watering systems, someone to pick them and so on.This is what you need to keep your tomato farm running. If you want to eat tomatoes while you are waiting for the ones you planted to ripen, you will need to purchase the tomatoes form another farm or vendor.In order to get the tomatoes, you will need the money to purchase it.This is your operating capital, and it covers negative cash flow until you reach breakeven.There are three types, or rather three stages of breakeven:Breakeven without a consistent salary or withdrawal. This means that the business pays for itself but not yet for you.Breakeven with minimal consistent salary or withdrawal. The business starts earning you a certain amount of money. It is not the ideal yet, but the growth shows, and eventually,Breakeven with a good salary and withdrawal. You can consider your business a successful one.L ets take sales for example. To know when you have achieved the third stage of breakeven, you need to know which revenue you will have to hit and when you expect to hit it.To calculate that, you should forecast sales revenues, cost of goods (COG), gross profit (GP), monthly overhead expenses (fixed expenses), and net profit. You should make that forecast for 6-12 months.FUNDINGSo, now that you have reached the preferable cost for everything you need to start your business, what is next to consider?It is the projects funding.This entails all the finances put together in order to start your business. Funding TypesLaymen may think that all initial funding has to come from you if you are creating a business.How many people would you think would be in a position to do that?Almost nobody, actually.There are various sources that can help you get the amount needed.The first one is definitely you. Do you have some savings waiting to be used for something meaningful? Invest them in a new busin ess.How much money you have to start with is of no importance if you are being smart about the investment.Another investor can be your co-founder or your partner. Pull your funds together to see if there is enough to cover at least the first 6 months from the initial date.If you find that both of you (or more) still do not have enough money, the time has come to bring in a third person into the mix.Now, what you can do is ask for outside capital in three different places:Go to the bank and apply for a loan. Many banks offer special deals for startup companies. So just go to your bank and get the information on what requirements you need to meet in order to qualify for a loan.Another thing that you can do is get funding from so-called angel investors or venture capitalists (VCs). An angel investor is a person who is ready to invest some of their own money to help you out.They usually have experience in creating startup companies; maybe they have done it successfully in the past and n ow want to help out other striving entrepreneurs.Of course, they do not to that out of the kindness of their hearts. When they invest in your startup they get shares of your company that they can later sell and earn money themselves.The third outside investor can be a venture capitalist. A VC is a person who works for a venture capital companies.They take other peoples money and invest them in startup companies. In exchange for the investment, they also get their fair share of shares of the company.The shares are divided among the investors according to the amount of money they have invested. But, how do you get the investors to help you out?How do you persuade them that your company is not a hopeless case just waiting to fail?With companies that already exist but need more funding for branching out, there are existing financial statements, evidence of the companys success and proper functioning, so the investor can deduce that their money will not be put at too much risk.However, t he startup with startup businesses it is more difficult to set up a value of the company. As the business is brand new, there are no previous accounts to rely on.Then startup valuation comes into the picture. There are several methods that can be used and some of them are Venture Capital Method, Discounted Valuation Method and more.How do you know that you need more funding?When you have added up all the items that you would need for the business to run (both one-time and recurrent costs), and when you have added up all the funding sources (personal, angel investors, VCs, and bank loans), it is time for a review.If your cost is lower than your funding, you are on the right path, and even have some funds to spare. If your cost is higher than your funding you should consider either getting more funds or reducing your cost.ADDITIONAL TIPSGet an accountant, and get one right away. You might think that your expertise is enough to add up some numbers and see if you have enough funding, an d you might be right. But what if you miss something?Hiring an accountant at the very start could seem like one of those optional costs to take into account.And yes, allocating a certain amount of money to use as the accountants paycheck could seem like a lot when you are on the very beginning and you are not even paying yourself yet. (There is another, cheaper option: hire a part-time accountant or a volunteer to that for you.)An accountant is extremely valuable. He keeps track of all your expenses, makes sure that you have collected all your receipts, and keeps things organized.He is likely to save you a lot of money in the long run. Experience has shown that hiring an accountant can be a lot less expensive than if you do it later and try to cover the mess and play catch-upPay attention who you are partnering with.Make sure that the person who creates a business with you is trustworthy.Usually, it is someone you know well- a good friend or a family member, so you think you are fam iliar with their work ethics as well.In that case, just make sure that they share the same values and passion for the idea.You do not want to wake up two years into your business only to realize that your cofounder does not want to do it anymore.And, this one is maybe obvious, but do not jump into partnerships with people you do not know just because their story sounds inspiring.Allocate rainy day money. Since you cannot predict the amount of money to a dime, give yourself space to make mistakes.The rainy day fund will cover any unexpected expenses or setbacks that you might encounter.This can be anything from paying a fee to a computer technician if a computer crashes, or covering some bigger issues. FINAL THOUGHTGetting your new business up and running can be stressful for many people. However, if you tackle the matter in the right way-responsibly and thoroughly, there is no need to be afraid of a little math.Do your research, ask your mentors for advice, track your growth progres s and you should be on the right path to owning a successful and thriving business.However, following a plan and wanting to earn a lot and be rich will only get you so far. To truly be sure of your future success, combine all those before-mentioned factors with pure passion and love for what you are doing.Only by knowing the true purpose of why you are doing what you are doing will you succeed in establishing yourself among other successful businessmen?

Positive Thing About Taking a Gap Year Between High School...

â€Å"Gap year† is a common word for a lot of college students because taking a one-year break between high school and college is a good choice for the high school graduates. More and more high school graduates want to take a one-year break before they go to the college. In fact, some people agree that taking a one-year break is good for those students who just graduated from high school because they can learn different life skills and new things between college and high school. Other people think that taking a one-year break is bad for high school graduates because they will forget some knowledge that they learned in high school. In my opinion, I think that taking a one-year break (gap year) is beneficial for the high school graduates. I believe that taking a one-year break is a good choice for the high school graduates because the gap year can help students adapt new lives better. I had a high school classmate who called Shengwei You (Jason) is taking a gap year now. He is one of my buddies because he always helped me and had a lot of interesting ideas about our high school life. Jason and I taken SAT tests and applied the colleges together. At last, he decided that gave up the application because he wants to take a one-year break. I could not believe that he gave up a lot of offers because those offers are very important for international students. He told me that he wanted to travel the Chinese mainland because he need learn more Chinese traditional cultures. As his friend,Show MoreRelatedThe Gap Year1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Gap Year As a senior in high school did you ever stress about your future? Making plans for college? A way to relieve stress could be to take a gap year. The life of the average senior consist of planning for college, by taking a year off you can manage and make money, relieve some stress and it gives you the opportunity to travel before settling down before college. This is not uncommon to a lot of senior graduates. 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Some people would argue that the outcomes of college are worth the expense, while others would say that in today’s day and age college is a waste of time and money. Many higher education enthusiasts would argue that college is economically worth the financial

Qualitative Research And Analysis Research - 791 Words

The purpose of research is to add substance to a body of knowledge. The success of the research may be misleading at times or may only add a conclusion to some extent. Knowing the structure of the research will help the researcher as well as the reader discover meaning. The qualitative research sets itself in the midst of an individuals or groups of objects or â€Å"stuff† to capture an overview of logical or explicit rules by an understanding of isolated themes about the themes (Miles, Huberman, 1994). Qualitative research and analysis are conducted by using completed verses comprised of descriptive words to depict patterns, analyze, compare, or even contrast behaviors and or actions. Qualitative analysis equates to data simplification, data display, and verification of the data for a proper conclusion (Miles, Huberman, 1994). While there is many ways in which qualitative data may be presented, the readers evaluation of this research is important. The use of a quali tative summarization check sheet may assist the reader in determining the value of the research by quickly assessing data extent with a qualitative result as seen in attachment 1 (Clark, Creswell, 2010). The use of explicit and vivid wording assists the reader in evaluating qualitative research. Discussion The study titled: Systems thinking in practice: the current status of the six WHO building blocks for health system strengthening in three BHOMA intervention districts of Zambia: aShow MoreRelatedQualitative Analysis : A Research2738 Words   |  11 PagesQualitative analysis is very important when undergoing research as it provides theoretical and practical analysis and explanation. Depending on the topic or issue that is being studied the importance of how the qualitative research is conducted is critical for the results that will be used as inputs to support hypothesis or arguments in the research conducted. The following paper will discuss the data production and method, which will explain the different approaches to qualitative analysis thatRead MoreQualitative Research and Data Analysis875 Words   |  4 Pages2.1.6 Data analysis In qualitative research, data analysis is a process of making meaning where the researcher has to actively create meaning out of the raw materials (Esterberg, Kristin G., 2002). The process of making meaning out of qualitative data is often iterative, meaning that there is a repetitive interplay between the collection and analysis of data (Bryman and Bell, 2007). Altogether 5 interviews were conducted with the tour operators in Denmark that are selling travel packages to NepalRead MoreMethods of Data Analysis in Qualitative Research1580 Words   |  7 Pages15 Methods of Data Analysis in Qualitative Research Compiled by Donald Ratcliff 1. Typology - a classification system, taken from patterns, themes, or other kinds of groups of data. (Patton pp. 393,398) John Lofland Lyn Lofland Ideally, categories should be mutually exclusive and exhaustive if possible, often they aren t. Basically a list of categories. example: Lofland and Lofland s 1st edition list: acts, activities, meanings, participation, relationships, settings (in the third editionRead MoreEssay on An Analysis of Qualitative Research Methods2834 Words   |  12 PagesAn Analysis of Qualitative Research Methods Qualitative political and historical researchers seek to analyze social or political phenomena from multiple perspectives in order to gain an in-depth understanding of their research topic, as well as insight into the broader scope of their disciplines. They accomplish these goals by using case-specific methods that are designed to generate knowledge and yet are limiting in that same area. Because of their selectively designed character, eachRead MoreQuantitative Vs. Qualitative : A Comparative Analysis Of Research Methods Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesQuantitative vs. Qualitative: A Comparative Analysis of Research Methods Engaging in a research project can be a frightening and intimidating task for anyone. However, Polansky and Waller (2015) provide a six-step process that is designed to simplify the research process by alleviating anxiety and ensuring that the researcher is able to complete the project in a timely manner. The first step is defining the problem so that it is clearly understood. Once there is clarity on what needs to be doneRead MoreQualitative Research Method Analysis On Quality Of Study Object862 Words   |  4 PagesQualitative research method involves analysis on ‘quality’ of study object. Specifically, it adopts such approaches as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, as well as abstraction and generalization to process all kinds of materials obtained in order to eliminate all but the essential, discard the false and retain the true and proceed from the exterior to the Interior, thus reveal the essence along with inherent law. Qualitative analysis is ma jorly about the problem of â€Å"existence† andRead MoreQualitative Research Analysis Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome And Co Existing Psychological Illness1177 Words   |  5 Pages Qualitative Research Critical Appraisal The qualitative research is a subjective approach that used to describe life experiences and give them meaning. This assignment is a critical appraisal of the qualitative research article written by Dainty, Allcock and Cooper (2014) entitled: â€Å"Study of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Co-Existing Psychological Illness†. The hermeneutic phenomenology design used throughout the study to understand the individual’s personal experience, the meaning of thoseRead MoreQualitative And Quantitative Research Methods1285 Words   |  6 Pages Qualitative and Quantitative Research Ravi Teja Mora Dr. Jimi Peters Research Methods Stratford University â€Æ' Qualitative and Quantitative Research Introduction There has been a widespread of debate in recent years regarding the quantitative and qualitative research methods, wether one or the other has to be emerged as superior. Although there have been so many theories and conclusions, this paper intends to discuss on the similarities and differences between the qualitative and quantitativeRead MoreCompare and Contrast Qualitative and Quantitaitve Research Methods1403 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast Qualitative and Quantitative research methods Monique Gowans Charles Stuart University Compare and Contrast Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods Qualitative research methods are complex meaningful analysis characterised by processes and meanings that are not experimentally examined or measured in terms of mathematical measurements (Lincoln, 2003; Sarantakos, 2005). Quantitative research however, relies and builds on mathematical procedures and methods, suchRead MoreWeek 1 RSCH 8300860 Words   |  4 PagesInitial post Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches Researchers often times are faced with the decision of choosing a methodology of research; either Quantitative or Qualitative that they think best fits their study and objectives. This choice is guarded by the topic of study, the advantages and disadvantages, and the strengths and weaknesses of using either one or the other type of the methodologies. Researchers are sometimes using Quantitative and Qualitative research methodologies interchangeably

Tesco Fail in Japan Free Essays

Management Decision Case : Tests Serves Up Japanese Expansion Given the highly competitive nature of the Japanese retail food market and failure of global leaders Wall-Mart and Careful to successfully penetrate the Japanese market, do you believe Deco’s decision to open Tests Express is a good idea? Why or why not? Not a good idea. Why? Cultural differences between the I-J market and the Japanese market for groceries. Japanese doesn’t want change (even Walter and Careful failed). We will write a custom essay sample on Tesco Fail in Japan or any similar topic only for you Order Now So, it s difficult to penetrate into Japanese market Tests needs volume (to make profit) due to the operation cost. Japanese only wants their local product (since there is already 40000 convenience store in Japan) Quality Standard. The reason of Walter n Careful failure was the quality since Japanese is willing to pay for higher-quality food that is convenient. Come with express first but no capability since their model works with bigger supermarket (risky) Japan, the world’s third-biggest grocery market remains a difficult country to make money from as International retailers How would you describe the retail strategy for Tests Express as it expands in Japan? Unique mix of convenience store and supermarket featuring higher-quality fresh food, ready-made meals, and certain supermarket items found in its larger, traditional Tests Supermarket. Convenience store offering quality, ready-made food and limited supermarket items (not currently served by traditional Japanese convenience stores such as 7- eleven, Lawson, Circle-K Skunks, or the larger more traditional grocery stores such as Neon and Aide) Focuses on the delivery of fresh ready-made foods. How to cite Tesco Fail in Japan, Papers

Importance of Ethics in Capital Budgeting - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theImportance of Ethics in Capital Budgeting. Answer: Relevance of Ethics within Capital Budgeting Capital budgeting is deemed a vital aspect that supports a company in improving its financial performance and ensuring income increase of a company in the future years. Additionally, ethical techniques in capita budgeting processes support a company to employ financial resources effectively, which can result in increased profitability. The vital features of ethical consideration need to be contemplated for boosting a companys profitability. Vital factors encompass responsibility, decency as well as fair accounting has to be comprehended in confinements of ethical capital budgeting. Heinicke, Guenther Widener (2016) indicated that necessary ethical measure use in capital budgeting can highly facilitate in developing suitable budget that is likely to support an organizations business activities. It can be stated that total capital budget signifies all vital measures that must be accepted by management for offering superior funds for all business activities of company. Several unethical measures used in capital budgeting preparation can result in non-distribution to several vital resources. This can result in decrease of profitability of an organization. Conversely, capital budget can follow ethical consideration for the reason that an organization can improve overall viability of an organizations budget. Ethical capital budgeting supports a company to take into account forecasted cash inflows, expenses, and project evaluation and control expenses. Needles, Powers Crosson (2013) signifies that capital budgeting can also support a company to find out all the real expenses experienced by a company. References Heinicke, A., Guenther, T. W., Widener, S. K. (2016). An examination of the relationship between the extent of a flexible culture and the levers of control system: The key role of beliefs control. Management Accounting Research,33, 25-41. Needles, B. E., Powers, M., Crosson, S. V. (2013).Principles of accounting. Cengage Learning.

Adverb(ial) Phrases in English

Adverb(ial) Phrases in English An adverb phrase (or adverbial phrase) is a word group with an adverb as its head. This adverb may be accompanied by modifiers or qualifiers. An adverb phrase can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even an entire sentence or main clause. As shown in the examples below, it can appear in a number of different positions in a sentence. Examples of Adverbial Phrases The Cheshire Cat vanished quite slowly, beginning with the end of its tail.The players responded surprisingly well to all the pressures of the playoffs.The best way to preserve the flavor and texture of fresh vegetables is to cook them as quickly as possible.As quickly as possible, we cleaned the fish and placed them in coolers.The air was warm, stirred only occasionally by a breeze.Only occasionally is there a rumble in the sky or a hint of rain.Snow fell much earlier than usual.My daughters choice of driving music is,  surprisingly enough, classic rock. Quotes With Adverb Phrases James Russell Lowell If youth be a defect, it is one that we outgrow only too soon. Beverly Barton, Close Enough to Kill Bernie watched Jims face for a reaction.  Surprisingly enough, he grinned. Adverbial Phrases Without Adverbs Theyre called adverbial phrases because they can occur in the same range of positions as single adverbs. Many such adverbial phrases, paradoxically, do not contain an adverb. Such adverb-less adverbial phrases are typically prepositional phrases, as italicized in the examples below from James R. Hurford in Grammar: A Students Guide. On Friday night, Im playing squash.Their marriage broke up in the most painful way.May I, on behalf of the shareholders, congratulate you? Positioning Adverb Phrases Jame R. Hurford, Grammar: A Students Guide Like adverbs, adverb phrases can cause confusion because there is some flexibility in where they occur within sentences, and even in modifying the sentence structure. As well, adverb phrases are sometimes embedded in other phrases. Examples are: Laura, a better, gentler, more beautiful Laura, whom everybody, everybody loved dearly and tenderly.He had taken her hand sympathizingly, forgivingly, but his silence made me curious.David, on the lowest step, was very evidently not hearing a word of what was being said. Our first example identifies an adverb phrase following the verb loved; the next example shows an adverb phrase following the noun hand and removed from the verb it modifies; the third example has an adverb phrase embedded into a verb phrase was...hearing. Such flexibility makes it more difficult to identify these phrases; therefore, noting the head adverb can be of help. Sources Barton, Beverly. Close Enough to Kill. Hardcover, Zebra Books/Kensington Publish, 2006. Hurford, James R. Grammar: A Students Guide. Cambridge University Press, January 27, 1995. ODwyer, Bernard. Modern English Structures: Form, Function, and Position. 2nd Edition, Broadview Press, June 16, 2006.

The Refused essays

The Refused essays The band Refused, consisting of Dennis Lyxzn (Vocals), David Sandstrm (Drums), Kristofer Steen (Guitar) and Jon Brnnstrm (Bass), were the leading hardcore band in Scandinavia from the 1992 to 1998. The myth has it that Refused was formed out of the cultural vacuum provided by a society with no sense of art or humane politics. The group is very much reactionary but in such a way that it actually does challenge the conservative conventions of modern culture. They were well known for following the uncompromising lifestyle "straight edge" and for fighting for animal rights. But mostly, they were known for being the revolutionary socialist, hardworking band from Ume, Sweden that always had something important to say. Refused announced themselves with a massive hardcore sound on This Just Might Be...the Truth, the Swedish group's bombastic full-length debut. My favorite track on the album, Pump the Brakes, begins with a distorted guitar intro which leads to a huge guitar riff that pronounces the confrontational, anti-establishment message of the group. Pump the Brakes brings a new side of vocalizing into the hardcore genre, as one notices that Lyxzn chose to shout harmoniously with his bandmates rather than scream the political missives, and lyrics such as People getting killed by government corruption cause making most of the land that's the plan you gotta understand that 50 years down the line there wont be no time the time is now convey the bands distaste for a world in which life is run by capitalist leaders who oppress the people as a whole, and calls for a revolution against the powers that be. However, while the music in Pump the Brakes lacks the dynamic, frenzied qualities one hears in a Refused song on their later albums, the weight of the track does not lack in conviction due to the quick tempo and dissonant guitar mixed with t...

Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Report - Coursework Example This structure is useful to some extent as innovative employees are given the freedom to create new technologies and experiment with them sans any fear of failure. However, this structure also runs the risk of having no leadership in times of crisis, thus harming risk management. In addition, motivation at the company suffers as a result of this organizational structure (Edidin, 2011: p42). Valve does not have visionary leadership that can articulate the company vision to employees, instead relying on their employee handbook to orient and direct employees. Valve also faces potential problems with mentoring employees because of its organizational culture. This report will seek to conduct a case study of Valve Corporation with regards to its organizational structure and motivation of employees. Valve Corporation’s organizational structure and architecture are flat in nature with no managers to manage the more than 300 employees. One of the most interesting aspects of Valve Corporation’s organizational structure is its flat and organic nature. The organic theory of organizational structure posits that an organization’s organic structure is directly linked to a flat structure (Takahara & Mesarovic, 2012: p22). Because there are no managers in the company or management levels for that matter, the employees can communicate more easily with one another, while they also have the power to make decisions. In addition, the organic theory holds that business processes are not formalized, which can be evidenced at Valve Corporation that has no fixed description for employee positions. It is the employees who elect the groups and jobs they would want to work in for a particular period of time. The job descriptions are created by the employees according to the spec ific goals of a project, of which the job descriptions are, therefore, temporary and hold only until the project is completed. This means that there is flexibility in job description within the organization

The Effects of Disability on You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Effects of Disability on You - Essay Example When my brother was involved in a car accident, his arm was seriously injured such that the doctors had to remove it. The only thing that made me happy is that he did not lose his precious life. However, the most challenging thing I discovered in him is that he could not perform some of the tasks which require the use of two hands on his own. I developed a positive feeling towards him such that I would help him in completing different tasks he could not perform on his own. The main aim of my action is to make him feel that he is just like any other normal human being despite the fact that he had lost his arm. I also wanted to make him feel loved so that he does not feel out of place as a result of his physical disability. Because of the brotherly love between me and my brother, his disability had an effect on me such that I could help him in performing tasks that were a bit challenging for him to do alone. I would help my brother to do things like washing and ironing his clothes. Indeed, he could perform some of these tasks on his own but he was facing some difficulties. Whilst he could do some of the things like bathing, I would always give him assistance whenever I saw that he was experiencing some challenges to do them. I would also help him carry things which were heavy after realizing that he could not do it on his own. In most cases, I would help to perform a bit challenging tasks such that he would not strain the other hand. I sympathized a lot with my brother such that I could feel the same difficulties he was experiencing.  Ã‚  

DNA Fingerprinting How Accurate is it

DNA Fingerprinting How Accurate is it Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material that is contained within the cells of living organisms and it is considered to be the building blocks for a persons genetic makeup. Each cell in the human body that has a nucleus contains exactly the same DNA as all the other cells and each persons DNA is unique to that person, with the exception of identical twins. This means that the DNA that comes from a persons blood, skin cells, semen or saliva is all exactly the same. DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA typing, is the process of taking DNA samples from a crime scene and attempting to match it to samples taken from possible suspects. The DNA that is collected can come from a variety of difference sources; it can come from blood, semen, skin cells, saliva, and a variety of other bodily fluids and tissues. DNA can be a powerful tool in forensic science because of the fact that it is unique to the person that it came from. However, when a sample is not handled carefully or results are not interpreted properly the same powerful tool can set guilty people free or condemn innocent people. The question that must be answered then is should DNA evidence be the backbone or merely the starting point of an investigation? The fact that DNA is now being used to solve so many crimes there became a need for a way to store the information from the samples collected from crime scenes and criminals. The Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) is the center of the national DNA database that has been established and funded by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). CODIS allows laboratories from all over the country to share and compare DNA data collected from crime scenes and suspects in order to match criminals to their crimes. CODIS includes the National DNA Index System (NDIS), which contains the data for the entire country, the State DNA Index System (SDIS), which contains the data for each state, and the Local DNA Index System (LDIS), which contains information for a particular city. Uses of DNA in Court Cases Many people play a vital role in the collection and processing of DNA samples. It begins with the first responders to the crime scene, followed by the technicians who collect the samples and then concludes with the laboratory technicians that process and interpret the results. The first responders must every effort possible not to contaminate any possible sources of DNA before they can be collected. This requires that the technicians be familiar with where the DNA may exist at the crime scene therefore reducing the chance that this evidence becomes contaminated or damaged. The DNA that is collected from a crime scene must first be amplified so that a sufficient amount of DNA is available to test and analyze. The DNA must first be removed from the cells that it is contained in and this is done through a chemical process that lyses the cell and releases the DNA. Once the DNA has been released from the cell it can then be amplified which is done through a process called Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). During PCR the DNA is heated to a temperature of 90-95Â °C which allows the strands of DNA to separate from each other and once the strands are separated they can then be duplicated creating two identical strands of DNA. This process is a chain reaction because each time it is repeated the amount of available DNA is doubled. Each cycles take anywhere from 2-5 minutes and when repeated 25-30 times can increase the amount of DNA over 1 million fold. This means that a very small amount of DNA collected from a sample can be tested. Once the samples have been amplified there are prepared for matching by using a test kit that can detect characteristics called alleles at different locations, called loci, on the genome. These alleles are present in what are called short tandem repeats (STRs). STRs are repeated portions of DNA that appear in close relation to each other. These repeating portions of DNA can allow differentiation of DNA from one person to another. Currently laboratories in the United States use kits that identify 13 loci that have been selected by the FBI for CODIS. Each locus can have a number of different alleles and the pair of alleles at one locus constitutes each persons genotype at the loci. Once each set of alleles is detected at each locus it is now called a DNA profile. This profile can then be used to match samples taken from the crime scene to the suspects or to CODIS in an attempt to find the perpetrator of the crime in question. Accuracy of DNA Fingerprinting There are many factors that come into play in the validity of the forensic DNA fingerprinting. These can include coincidental matches between DNA profiles, contamination of the DNA evidence through accidental transfer of cellular material, errors in labeling or classification of samples, misinterpretation of the results, either accidental or intentional, and planting of biological evidence. The coincidental matches can come from the fact that degradation of the DNA, limited quantities of DNA, or contamination of the samples can cause a result of incomplete or partial DNA profile. A full profile match would match all 13 of the loci where a partial match while a partial match would have fewer alleles. When a profile is incomplete or partial it can produce fewer markers to match it can be more likely produce a match by chance. That is, as the number of available markers goes down the probability of false positive increases. Another factor that can increase the likelihood of false positive is the relation of the people that the samples are taken from. What this means is that two people who are related to each other have a higher probability of producing a partial match and how closely they are related can increase this likelihood. The closer the family relation is the higher the probability of a partial match. The probabilities are as follows, 1 in 14 billion for a first co usin; 1 in 1.4 billion for a nephew, niece, aunt or uncle; 1 in 38 million for a parent or child and 1 in 81 thousand for a sibling. 7 A larger risk of a false positive is possible when the DNA sample used has an incomplete profile. When an incomplete profile is put through CODIS the probability of getting a match is increased which may result in an innocent person being accused of a crime they did not commit. This was the case in Chicago in 2004 when a 6 locus profile was run through the state database after a burglary. This partial profile returned a match to a Chicago woman. The woman was arrested but then had to be released when she provided an alibi, there was no way she could have committed the crime because she was in prison serving time for another crime. 7 Contamination of the samples is the most common factor that can affect the accuracy of the DNA profile. Contamination can come from many sources and can occur at different points along the sample collection and preparation timeline. The first time that contamination can occur is during the collection process. Carelessness during the sample collection can introduce unwanted DNA into the sample therefore making it impossible to distinguish the DNA from the unwanted source from the DNA evidence. If someone sneezes or coughs on the sample, if the person collecting the samples touches their face or other body part and then touches the area that might DNA to be tested it essentially ruins the sample. Other ways that the sample can become tainted is through the use of dirty or contaminated collection tools, using gloves that are not clean, or by putting the samples into plastic rather than paper bags. The second opportunity for sample contamination can occur in the laboratory where the sample processing takes place. In the laboratory the sample is susceptible to the same types of contamination as when the samples are being collected as evidence and great care must be taken by the laboratory technicians to prevent contamination from occurring in the laboratory. The only exception to this is that in the laboratory the samples can be mislabeled. If the laboratory technicians are careless and mislabel Recourse for a Wrongful Conviction There are, of course, some people that can be set free by the use of DNA testing. Before DNA fingerprinting became the widely used forensic technique cases relied heavily on eyewitness testimony and the testimony of the victims themselves. However witnesses can sometimes be so traumatized or the crimes can happen so quickly that the wrong person can be accused and the testimony can be so convincing that innocent people can be convicted of crimes. There is now a way that people who have been wrongfully convicted can prove their innocence. The Innocence Project is a non-profit organization that takes requests from inmates that believe that there may be a chance that DNA evidence would exist such that they can be exonerated for their crimes. To date the Innocence Project has been able to help get ***** innocent people freed from prison. While this new freedom is a joyous time for the wrongly accused and convicted it can be a very confusing time for the victims. Even though the victims have wrongly identified the perpetrators of their crimes they spend years believing that the person that was convicted was actually the person that committed the crime against them. It can be a very painful and confusing time for the victims and they sometimes have a hard time believing that they were responsible for an innocent person spending years, sometimes decades in prison. In other cases some victims have a very hard time believing that the person they have spent years believing committed this crime against them is not actually the person that committed the crime. Ethical Evaluations As for the Innocence Project to perform a utilitarian analysis you would have to weigh the good of freeing innocent people from a life behind bars to the pain and fear that the victims feel when learning that these people are set free. While no person should have to feel pain and fear, the good of freeing innocent people is far greater. Summary Conclusion Many people rely on the accuracy of the DNA evidence that is presented in court cases and expect this evidence to be infallible. The victims of the crimes are relying on this DNA to be able to find the persons responsible for the crimes so that they can be convicted. On the other hand the innocent people accused of crimes are relying on this DNA evidence to prove their innocence and set them free. But in both cases the people involved are relying on the fact that this evidence is accurate and does not contain any errors, errors that can introduced through human error or errors that are innate in the statics of DNA matches between the samples taken. The fact that these errors are present and may not be avoidable leads to the conclusion that DNA evidence should not be the only evidence that is used in cases but rather a starting point for an investigation.

Food Cart Businesses Management Practices Essay

A. Environment * Linis Ofis Program Translated as â€Å"clean office†, this internal program is an integrated approach to solid waste management in support of the Philippine Government’s Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003). It deals with waste segregation by instilling in SMC employees the 4R discipline – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover. It aims to educate its workers to value their environment by practicing segregation, collection, reuse and recycling of disposable waste in the workplace. SMC’s Head Office Complex located in the Ortigas Center hub provided three waste receptacles placed in strategic spots for food scraps or compostable waste, recyclable items (such as plastic bottles and aluminum cans), and nonrecyclable items or disposable waste (such as plastic and tetra-pak containers). This is also being implemented in SMC’s other facilities nationwide. A separate chest of drawers is provided in each department for solid waste with market value, such as used bond p aper, magazines, newspapers and empty ink cartridges. The program generated P26,000 from the sale of recyclable materials on its first month, and an average of P12,000 per month. It has also helped in reducing the amount of solid waste, which normally finds its way to landfills and dumpsites, and easing up on manpower in the collection of waste. * Task Force Hangin Task Force Hangin is responsible for helping plants comply with the Clean Air Act. The word â€Å"hangin† means â€Å"air†. The Task Force is composed of representatives from CTS-EMG, CTS-Engineering, Corporate Planning and Development, and Corporate Purchasing Unit. It is tasked to pinpoint the best available fuel and control technology for the plants’ fuel burning equipment. It conducted numerous studies and came up with recommendations to utilize low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) and scrubbers as the most effi cient options for solving the problem, and maintain the level of sulfur content in its fuel to about 0.7%S. It also studied the range of fuel cost that determines when LSFO fuel is advantageous to use versus scrubbers, and when a plant needs to shift from LSFO to scrubbers. The study enabled the Task Force to guide the plants in their compliance efforts. All SMC-owned plants are expected to institute the necessary actions congruent with the Clean Air Act. The u se of electric heaters at the Mandaue Glass Plant’s furnace reduced the consumption of bunker fuel oil and the generation of combustion flue gas. B. Human Resources * Benefits Program Employee Protection – Employees are entitled to sick leave benefi ts that will provide fi nancial security even if they have lost the ability to earn in times of sickness or injury. Time Off With Pay – Employees are also entitled to leave benefi ts that will allow for the continuity of their wage earnings even if they are on vacation or have to attend to emergency matters requiring their presence. Health Care – The Corporation provides a comprehensive medical program for employees and their dependents to protect them against the financial burden that comes with illness or injury. Flexible Loan Facilities – The Corporation offers an interestfree loan facility that is tailored to address the various fi nancial needs of the employees. Its fl exibility lies in the loan purpose, amount, and guidelines. Educational Program – This helps meet the fi nancial requirements of employees who desire to pursue further studies. It includes loan facilities for the educational needs of employees’ dependents. Rice and Clothing Allowances – The Corporation provides a monthly sack of rice to each rank-and-fi le employee. Employees also receive a clothing allowance for their proper work attire. Insurance and Death Benefits – Financial assistance is extended to the bereaved family to help defray expenses incurred as a result of the demise of the employee or an immediate family member of an employee. * Employee Relations Sports and Recreation – The program aims to nurture camaraderie and unity among the employees through various sports activities, such as basketball, bowling, aerobics, street dancing, gym workout sessions, volleyball, etc. The Corporation tries to meet the employees’ varied sports preferences. There are also interest clubs being formed for enthusiasts of golf, running, taekwondo, etc. Summer Outing – The Corporation provides a yearly venue for employees and management of each division to interact with one another’s families in an informal environment marked by fun and games. Songfest – This is an annual nationwide search for employees who have exceptional talent for singing, a common trait among Filipinos. Employee Service Awards – The annual recognition program honors employees for their years of service to the Corporation. Baratillo – The monthly event allows employees to purchase various San Miguel products at discounted prices. The venue is the Head Office Complex, and employees from other SMC units and offices come to take advantage of the reasonable offers. Christmas Tiangge – Employees are given the opportunity to develop their entrepreneurial spirit by selling various products during the two-day event. It is held regularly at the Head Office Complex in November before the onset of the Christmas season to allow employees and their families and friends to purchase their Christmas presents early. C. Customer Relations, Productivity and Quality * Customer Care Center By setting up this Center, SMC re-affirms its responsibility to its customers. Advancements in information technology make it possible for the Corporation to establish a more personal communication link with its customers. The integrated SMC Customer Care Center provides alternative channels for easy access and fast response to varying types of customer needs and requests. The Center supports SMC’s businesses in strengthening customer relations, and indirectly market share as well. It is manned by a professional staff using superior technology and employing innovative solutions to ensure customer satisfaction and capture product loyalty. Walk-in customers who may prefer face-to-face interaction feel welcome amidst the Center’s warm atmosphere. The Center’s call handling services take care of both inbound and outbound calls, providing information on the quality, pricing, distribution and availability of a product or service, while operating as a call center. It also handles order taking, telemarketing, sales campaign, promotion of new products, and customer satisfaction surveys. Electronic customer linkages come through e-mail, faxes and SMS (short message services). The Center’s integrated setup makes it easy for SMC’s operating divisions to link up with it for their customer and product concerns. D. Corporate Governance * Compliance System In adherence to corporate principles and best practices, the Chairman of the Board designated a Compliance Officer reporting directly to him. As the position denotes, he is responsible for seeing to it that the organization complies with the provisions in the manual. The Board of Directors is responsible for the long-term success of the Corporation and its sustained competitiveness, consistent with its trusted role exercised in the best interest of the Corporation, its shareholders and other stakeholders. Forming working committees within the Board fosters open discussion, keeping Board members informed, and allowing them to become more sensitive to shareholders’ interests. * Disclosure System All material information are publicly disclosed. These include earning results, Board changes, and shareholdings of directors. The Corporation established an Investor Relations Unit to disseminate timely information to shareholders. SMC practices consistency, accuracy and timeliness in the delivery and communication of information and data. The Unit coordinates with the Compliance Officer and other SMC divisions in effectively communicating with stakeholders. * Monitoring and Assessment Each committee reports to the Board of Directors. The Compliance Officer established an evaluation system to determine and measure compliance against the manual’s guidelines.

Information Privacy

? MODULE 2: CASE Informational Privacy Without a doubt, we live in an environment where integrity, respect and good ethics play a fundamental role in the growth and success of many individuals and companies. Unfortunately, this was not the case for Patricia Dunn, former chairman of the Hewlett-Packard (HP) board of directors who was forced to resign her job. She was at the center of a major controversy regarding her effort to investigate who from the board was leaking confidential information to the press about HP's interest in buying another technology company, their corporate strategy, business plans, even their deliberations over who they would hire as CEO. This was a major issue as, not only was sensitive discussions of the board made public in the media, the level of trust between each board member was greatly affected. In a 60 Minutes interview with Lesley Stahl and Patricia Dunn (CBS broadcast), â€Å"the Hewlett-Packard board of directors was described as a leaky ship. Secret board deliberations were ending up in the press left and right, and it was decided that something had to be done†. That something one can argue was the most famous leak investigation since Watergate, and because of it, Patricia Dunn (who was chairman of the HP board of directors) was faced with criminal charges. The charges stem from the use of something called pretexting – where someone calls up the phone companies and impersonate someone else in order to obtain their records. This technique is more than a simple lie as it most often involves some prior research or set up and the use of pieces of known information (for example, impersonation, date of birth, social security number -SSN) to establish legitimacy in the mind of the target. Pretexting, in my opinion, is morally wrong because it is deceitful and it invades the privacy of someone else regardless of how useful the act is in solving an investigation. Needless to say, privacy is a fundamental human right that almost every individual seeks to preserve. For the Hewlett-Packard case, board members privacy was in fact invaded but some may argue that such invasion was for a cause. According to the deontological school of thought, the act may be considered the right thing to do even if it produces a bad consequence (as with the forced resignation of Patricia Dunn). For deontologists, the ends or consequences of the actions are not important in and of themselves neither are the intentions. Only the act itself is considered important. Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, explain this theory of ethics more clearly. He argued that to act in the morally right way, people must act according to duty. That was the case with Patricia Dunn, she believed she had a duty to find out who was leaking sensitive details of discussions of the board to the press. In her 60 Minutes interview with Lesley Stahl, she stated that many directors expressed to her their strong opinion that something had to be done to determine the source of the leak and to bring them to an end. In fact, majority of the directors told her during her first few weeks as Chairman that, â€Å"next to leading the board's CEO search, coming to grips with HP's famously leaky board should be her top priority†. That was exaltly what Dunn did which was a major task in and of itself. Following on Kant's argument, he claims, a person has a good will when he or she ‘acts out of respect for the moral law'. People ‘act out of respect for the moral law' when they act in some way because they have a duty to do so. So, the only thing that is truly good in itself is a good will, and a good will is only good when the willer chooses to do something because it is that person's duty. Thus, according to Kant, goodness depends on rightness. I think Patricia Dunn was simply doing her duty. Looking at the HP case in more detail, it is obvious that Patricia Dunn did not know the full agenda of the private investigators and what was involved in finding out who was the source of the leaks. Dunn says. â€Å"The idea that I supervised, orchestrated, approved all of the ways in which this investigation occurred is just a complete myth. It’s a falsehood. It’s a damaging lie. † She admit, however, seeking advice from Bob Wayman, HP's then acting CEO , CFO and Director of Administration, on an affimative action to be taken on the problem of leaks in the company. He was well respected and trusted by many in the company so based on his integrity, she (Dunn) had every reason to rely on his recommendations as to how the security issues at the board level could best be handled given that all the control functions of the company were under his oversight. Mr Wayman referred her to an individual within his organisation who then referred her to Mr Delia (private investigator) who then took the extraordinary step of spying on the records of all the directors (including herself) as well as journalists. At some point during the investigation process in 2005, she (Dunn) became aware from Mr. Delia that phone records were accessed as a standard component of such investigations by HP. In an interview with NEWSWEEK, Dunn stated that she was aware HP was obtaining the phone records of suspected leakers as long ago as 2005. But she did not know about the pretexting until late June, when she saw an e-mail to Perkins from HP's outside counsel, Larry Sonsini and later acknowledged that HP's tactics were â€Å"appalling† and â€Å"embarrassing†. Essentially, the investigation went on and the leaker of the company's sensitive discussions was identified. The public disclosure of the leaker at a board meeting did not ‘sit' well with some members on the board as they thought it could have been dealth with differently without causing embarrasment for the leaker . This led to a lot of uphoar and Patricia Dunn was forced to resign. I think her forced resignation grew out of a personal dispute between her and Perkins ( who was also a well-known member of the board of directors and a close friend of the leaker) . To me, Patricia Dunn did what she had to do for the best interest of the company. Hence, she should not have been forced to resign. Reading a statement by Hewlett-Packard's Board of Directors, â€Å"Pattie Dunn has been a valuable director of HP for many years. We acknowledge all of the good work that Pattie has accomplished on behalf of HP. She helped stabilized the business during the CEO transition. She led the search committee for our new chief executive officer, which led to our hiring of Mark Hurd and the outstanding performance of the business over the last eighteen months. She served our board with distinction as chairman for the last year and a half. The board felt it was important to find the sources of the leaks of HP confidential information, and she informed the board that she has taken steps to do so. We have never questioned her intentions, her integrity or her ethics.. we regret that we will lose her contributions to the board and appreciate that she has agree to our request†. It is evident that she had good character and was well repected. She accepted the resposibility to identify the sources of the leaks but she did not propose the specific methods of the investigation which means the premise on which she was forced to resign was not justified!

Ethnography Essay - 989 Words

Ethnography Works Cited Missing Anthropology is defined, in the most basic terms, as the study of other cultures. This field can subsequently be divided into more specific sects, and contain more precise defining characteristics, but this definition is essentially all that is needed. Anthropology is a science that attempts to look at other cultures and draw conclusions to questions that are raised while studying. An anthropologist is someone who accepts what is presented before them and is driven by an urge to understand each presentation as thoroughly as possible. Once the concept of anthropology is accepted, one must identify the means of reaching the goal of this field. In the sect of social anthropology, this vehicle is known as†¦show more content†¦Although Malinowskis writings have been widely read and understood, they are not generally accepted as correct. Malinwoski writes in a style of perpetuating the notion of Self and Other. His attempts at understanding the culture he is studying may be of goo d intention, but he uses a condescending, superior attitude in the process. He aims at being in touch with the natives,(Malinoski, 8) but describes the people as savages and explains that ethnology has introduced law and order into what seemed chaotic and freakish. It has transformed for us the sensational, wild and unaccountable world of savages into a number of well ordered communities, governed by law, behaving and thinking according to consistent principles(Malinowski, 9-10). He is essentially contradicting himself, saying that he both strives to be in touch with the natives in order to give a full understanding of their lives, while conducting his research with a superior attitude, which denies any chances of being authentically in touch. It is this contradiction that has prompted many to use new techniques, transgressing the rules established by Malinowski and his contemporaries. Renato Rosaldo is one of the most highly acclaimed, contemporary anthropologists. He is also one that has sought a new style of writing to give his ethnographic accounts. In his celebrated work, Grief and a Headhunters Rage, Rosaldo uses the traditional rules of anthropology as theShow MoreRelated Ethnography Essay1090 Words   |  5 PagesEthnography Works Cited Missing Reflexivity is a qualitative method of research that takes an ethnography one step further, displaying the personal thoughts and reflections of the anthropologist on his informants. Ethnographies generally take an outside or foreign perspective of a culture, like reading a text, and reflexivity introduces a new component of inside description. 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